Although pulmonologists might be able to interpret the results of rapid on-site evaluation on their own, there is no established training method for the process. This study included 15 pulmonologists who joined a diagnosis and interpretation training program in rapid-onsite evaluation at our hospital between April 2019 and March 2021. We conducted a questionnaire about the training and we also carried out an examination to verify the effectiveness of the training in improving diagnostic accuracy. Interpretation performance improved after the training. Levels of participant satisfaction indicated that the training program met participant expectations. Self-evaluation of their diagnostic ability improved after the training. While pulmonologists recognize the importance of cytological interpretation, they are less confident about using the results for diagnosis. This training program may motivate them to improve their diagnostic ability when using rapid on-site evaluation during bronchoscopy.