The “JRS Guidelines for the Management of Pneumonia of Adults 2017” stated that aspiration pneumonia might involve terminally ill patients whose condition is assumed to be irreversible. However, there are few reports that assess the rationale for and consequences of withdrawal of treatment. Twenty-eight patients discharged from our hospital between April 2017 and March 2018 with a Diagnosis Procedure Combination diagnosis of aspiration pneumonia were consulted by their doctors about withdrawal of their treatment for aspiration pneumonia. Among them, alternative nutritional routes and antibiotic use were withdrawn in 15 patients. The treatment withdrawal group was significantly older (p=0.024), had a shorter hospital stay (p=0.019), and a shorter survival, but were able to be discharged earlier to the desired pre-hospitalization setting than the treatment continuation group (p=0.02). Older patients tended to choose treatment withdrawal for aspiration pneumonia and returned to their places of residence earlier.